Some detailed arithmetics of the codification method in the dwm is presented in an appendix 給出了數字流域模型的河網編碼中若干具體問題的算法。
The relationship between volume of each part of model and its surface area can be described by gaussian model 流域模型各部分相對體積與其表面積的變化關系可由gaussian模型來描述。
A binary tree - based and dyadic indicated codification method is proposed in the digital watershed model ( dwm ) 摘要在數字流域模型中提出了一種基于二叉樹理論,并以二元形式表示的河網編碼方法。
This paper issues the framework and definition of the codification method in the dwm , delineates a drainage network in this special way with its own numerical character 闡述了數字流域模型河網編碼方法的主要思路和基本定義,給出了這種編碼方法對河網拓撲關系的描述方式,并結合實例分析了其數值特征。
Iv ) as a quantitative index of wateshed topography , topograph fractal demension can represent surface shape information of watershed topography in the round . reseach find that watershed model and actual watershed show good fractal character 通過研究發現:流域模型和實際流域地形都具有很好的分形特性,地形分形維數與流域地貌的發育過程有關,代表著流域的發育程度。
In the late part of the active developing period , the temporal variation of sediment concentration and sediment transport ratio of each rainfall can be expressed by exponent function and the variation presents quadratic polynomial function in the stable developing period . the spatial variation character of sediment yields with space of the experimental watershed model . the active position of soil erosion and sediment yield of the experimental watershed model changes from the downside to the upside with the developing process of the watershed model 流域模型侵蝕產沙空間變化特征侵蝕產沙的活躍部位隨流域模型發育過程呈現由流域模型下部逐漸向上部發展特征,其中流域模型下中部為發育初期時段和發育活躍時段侵蝕產沙的活躍部位,流域模型上部是發育穩定時段侵蝕產沙的活躍部位。
In the early developing period and active developing period , the downside and middle part of the experimental watershed model are the active positions of soil erosion and sediment yield respectively , and the upside of the experimental watershed model in stable developing period of the watershed model . the main gully plays dominant role in the sediment yield process of the experimental watershed model 主溝在流域模型侵蝕產沙過程中居于主導地位,主溝的產沙量占流域模型總產沙量比例保持在48 . 7 - 66 . 6之間,在主溝的泥沙沉積量所占流域模型總泥沙沉積量的比例也保持在64 . 9 - 99 . 4之間。
Based on the fractal character of the small watershed topographic feature , the spatial and temporal variation character of sediment yield of the watershed model , the dynamic developing process and fractal character of the topog raphic feature of the watershed model , and the coupling relationship between the sediment yield and the topographic feature of the watershed model are " studied by simulate experiment , fractal theory , high precise photogrammetry and gis technology . the validation research is conducted in chabagou watershed where the observation data of rainfall , sediment and runoff for 11 years is collected . the study provides new theory and method for the topographic feature quantitative research in the prediction model of small watershed sediment yield 本文依據流域地貌形態所具有的顯著分形特征,從模擬實驗出發,利用分形理論和方法,結合高精度攝影測量和gis技術,對流域模型侵蝕產沙時空變異特征、地貌形態發育過程及其相應的分形特征、流域模型侵蝕產沙與地貌形態耦合關系進行了深入研究,并以具有11年降雨泥沙徑流觀測資料的岔巴溝流域為例進行了驗證研究,為實現從單坡面侵蝕產沙模擬、預報向流域侵蝕產沙模擬、預報轉化過程中地貌形態參數的提取提供了理論和方法,為黃土高原小流域水土流失綜合治理提供了科學實踐依據。
The following parts are the research results : the temporal variation character of sediment yields of the experimental watershed model . the average sediment transport ratio of every rainfall takes on obvious period character with the developing process of the experimental watershed model . early developing period ( from the first rainfall to the fifth rainfall ) , active developing period ( from the 6th rainfall to the 18th rainfall ) and stable developing period ( from the 19th rainfall to the 25th rainfall ) are defined 流域模型侵蝕產沙時序變化特征次降雨平均輸沙率隨流域模型發育過程表現出明顯的時段性,即發育初期時段(第一場到第五場降雨) 、發育活躍時段(第六場到第十八場降雨)和發育相對穩定時段(第十九場到第二十五場降雨) 。
Iii ) the result from simulating rainfall on watershed model indicats that changes of projective area , surface area and volume represented development of watershed physiognomy . volume of model body decreased and projective area and surface area increased with developing process of watershed model . when development of gully trending to stablization , projective area become stable and surface area changed fluctuantly ( 3 )流域模型的模擬降雨實驗觀測結果分析表明:流域模型地貌的發育演化主要體現在其投影面積、表面積和相對體積的變化上;流域模型投影面積和表面積在整個試驗過程中一致增大,當溝道發育逐漸趨于穩定時,投影面積變化也趨于穩定,表面積則呈現出波動性變化。