Still , studies of the genomes of cereal crops illustrate how prehistoric cultivators , by selecting for visible traits , were unwittingly selecting particular genes 盡管如此,谷物的基因組研究,說明了史前耕種者在選擇可見性狀時(shí),不知情地選擇出特定的基因。
These tillers were allowed to occupy the land on conditions which , being the product of force , were always onerous , but seldom to the extent of absolute slavery 這些耕種者被允許按照一定的條件占有土地。這些條件由于是暴力的產(chǎn)物,常常是很苛刻的,但很少是完全奴役性的。
Early cultivators also selected plants for their nutritional qualities , such as seeds with thin coats that could be eaten easily and maize varieties whose starch consistency best lent itself to making tortillas 早期耕種者還會(huì)篩選植物的營養(yǎng)特質(zhì),例如種子外殼較薄以便食用,或是挑選淀粉黏稠度最適合制作玉米薄餅的玉米變種。
In some , the landowners are a class in themselves , almost entirely separate from the classes engaged in industry . in others , the proprietor of the land is almost universally its cultivator , owning the plough , and often himself holding it 在一些地方,土地所有者是獨(dú)立的階級(jí),幾乎完全脫離生產(chǎn),在另一些地方,土地所有者則幾乎全都是耕種者,親自扶犁下田。
The rude manufactures destined for the wants of the cultivators are worked up by village artisans , who are remunerated by land given to them rent - free to cultivate , or by fees paid to them in kind from such share of the crop as is left to the villagers by the government 用來滿足耕種者需要的原始制造業(yè)由鄉(xiāng)村工匠逐步建立起來,這些人靠耕種不收租的土地或村民從政府留下的收成中付給他們的實(shí)物獲得報(bào)酬。