How was the world supply of commodity money shared among nations ? 各國(guó)間是怎樣分配商品貨幣的世界供應(yīng)量的呢?
On the historical effect and limitation of commodity currency 論商品貨幣的歷史作用及局限
Commodity theory of money 商品貨幣學(xué)說(shuō)
There are two forms of money : commodity money and fiat money . the first money is commodity money 貨幣主要有兩種形式:商品貨幣和紙幣。最初的貨幣形式是商品貨幣。
Marx thought , in a society where there was only one single public ownership system of the productive materials , there would be no commodity production , and the commodity and money relationship would not exist 馬克思認(rèn)為,在單一的生產(chǎn)資料公有制社會(huì)中,不存在商品生產(chǎn),商品貨幣關(guān)系消亡。個(gè)人勞動(dòng)具有直接的社會(huì)性,用勞動(dòng)時(shí)間衡量每個(gè)勞動(dòng)者的勞動(dòng)量,并按此分配個(gè)人消費(fèi)品。
Guanzi ? qingzhong is an agglomeration of currency thoughts of ancient china . industry and commerce had grew comparatively prosperous since the warring states and qin dynasty where commodity and currency played an important role in the whole economy 我國(guó)自秦漢以來(lái)逐漸形成了比較繁榮的城市工商業(yè),商品貨幣流通在整個(gè)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中的作用中日益突出,許多思想家開(kāi)始探求商品貨幣的流通規(guī)律。
The commodity based currencies of canada , australia and new zealand are also likely to face some pressure in the early part of 2008 as investors reduce exposure to carry ( high interest rate currencies ) and commodity prices soften due to slower world growth 如加元、澳元、新元等商品貨幣在2008年初同樣面臨著壓力,這是由于投資者減少套利交易(高利率貨幣) ,再加上全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)放緩導(dǎo)致商品價(jià)格疲軟。
Credit is one kind of the behavior borrowing or lending money in economy , belongs to a economics category of commodity - money relationship ; credit is one kind of personality view , one kind of the public belief , and also a morality and ethics category on certain significance 信用是經(jīng)濟(jì)上的一種借貸行為,是從屬于商品貨幣關(guān)系的一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)范疇,也是一種人格主張、一種公眾信仰,一定意義上也是一個(gè)道德和倫理范疇。