So the scm theory can be taken as a guiding theory for enterprises from all sectors including retail chains to implement management transition . retail chains play the role of " information pass " between consumers and manufacturers 零售連鎖企業在溝通消費者和商品生產者之間擔負著一個承上啟下的“信息關隘”職能,同時擁有制造商所無可比擬的分銷渠道和物流網絡。
And the latter is the extension and development of the former , the collective economy is a strong backbone of household production , realized the second leap for the agriculture to lay the system foundation and the market main body foundation 第一個飛躍是第二個飛躍的基礎,家庭承包經營制把農戶塑造成為自主經營、自負盈虧的獨立商品生產者和經營者,為農業實現第二個飛躍奠定了制度基礎和市場主體基礎。
With the continuing development in the market of property and the establishment of modern enterprise system , it becomes increasingly clear that in market economy , an enterprise , as merchandise producer , is also a kind of merchandise , which can be appraised and sold on market 隨著現代企業制度的建立和產權市場的不斷發展,人們日益清楚地認識到,在市場經濟條件下,作為商品生產者的企業本身也是一種商品,可以在市場上進行估價和買賣。
Therefore , only when the ceiling price that is based on the evaluation of utility is higher than the floor price that is based on the recovery of the costs , can be the exchange possible . through the exchange , the producer get producers " surplus and the buyers get consumer " surplus 因此,只有當以效用評價為基礎產生的最高限價高于以收回成本為基礎形成的最低底價時,交易才有可能達成,而此時商品生產者得到生產者剩余,購買者得到消費者剩余。
I have already mentioned that , in order to improve the price - discovery function of the mainlands commodity futures market and make the mainlands economic activities more influential in international commodity pricing , and therefore help the commodity producers and consumers on the mainland to control and manage international commodity price risk effectively , our country should develop its own commodity futures market in our own " home court " in our own time zone 上次提到中國若能發展自己的商品期貨市場,有了自己的地頭,在自己的時區內進行商品期貨交易,將有助于加強商品期貨市場的價格發現功能并提升全國經濟活動對國際商品定價的影響力,從而也有助內地的商品生產者與消費者有效控制與管理國際市場商品價格波動的風險。
First , the author will introduce the well - known trademark rights infringement dispute in which “ the maple leaf sued the crocodile ” . it caused the legal scientific and practical fields ’ attention to the emergence of trademark reverse passing off in china . second , the author will define the profound term of trademark reverse passing off in simple language , namely : “ trademark reverse passing off ” refers to the illegal act of changing or removing others ’ registered trademarks without permission and putting in others ’ commodities to the market 這種行為不僅影響了商標的本質功能,引起商品流通秩序的混亂,違反了對注冊商標專用權保護的法律艦定,侵犯了商標權人的合法權益,而且妨礙了原商品生產者擴大其商標知名度和提高產品市場份額,違背公平競爭、誠實信用的商業道德和法律原則。